Movement process analysis of the high-speed long-runout Shuicheng landslide over 3-D complex terrain using a depth-averaged numerical model

Flow-like landslide is one of the most catastrophic types natural hazards due to its high velocity and long travel distance. In 2019, a large was triggered by heavy rainfall occurred in Shuicheng County, Guizhou, China. The characterized short slip time, speed, sliding distance, causing significant damages downstream communities properties. Depth-averaged models have been widely used predict runout distance flow-like landslides. However, existing depth-averaged various shortcomings for application real-world simulations. this study, high-performance model taking into account effects topography-related vertical acceleration centrifugal force examine influence complex 3-D terrain on movement process. simulation results were satisfactory agreement with field observations. This work reveals process at different stages, including acceleration, diversion, secondary impact, deposition. maximum average predicted be 35 m/s, local exceeding 50 m/s. seismic records obtained from adjacent stations kinetic energy event revealed dual obstruction It also found that final deposit morphology strongly influenced sensitive surface friction coefficient. may reason survival some houses middle slope during event. study provides reference investigating long-runout, high-speed,